Kalini wrote a paper without citations for a city council meeting. Was this considered plagiarism?

Plagiarism is defined as the act of using someone else's work, ideas, or expressions without proper acknowledgment, regardless of the context in which the work is presented. In the case of Kalini writing a paper without citations for a city council meeting, the absence of citations means she did not attribute the sources of the information or ideas she used, which constitutes plagiarism.

Even if the paper was intended for a specific setting like a council meeting, the ethical obligation to credit the original authors of the content remains. Plagiarism does not hinge on whether the work is published or on the formality of the setting. The essence of plagiarism is in the failure to give credit where it is due, which is applicable in all contexts, including meetings, academic purposes, or published work. Thus, the correct assessment is that Kalini's actions align with the definition of plagiarism.