What is a case study in research methodology?

A case study in research methodology refers to an in-depth analysis of a particular case, individual, or organization. This research approach focuses on a specific instance or context, allowing researchers to explore complex issues in detail. By employing various data collection methods—such as interviews, observations, and document reviews—a case study provides rich qualitative insights that uncover underlying patterns, behaviors, or phenomena.

The strength of a case study lies in its ability to offer a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter. Researchers can examine the nuances and complexities of the case, leading to deeper insights that may not be captured through broader quantitative methods. This in-depth nature makes case studies particularly valuable in fields such as social sciences, business, and health care, where understanding individual or contextual variables is crucial.

In contrast, the other options refer to different research methodologies or outputs. Comparative analysis of different methods does not entail deep dive into a single instance, a summary of survey results typically condenses findings rather than exploring a case thoroughly, and a statistical report focuses on quantifying research results rather than providing qualitative narratives. Thus, the defining aspect of a case study is its targeted and detailed exploration of a specific case, making it a powerful tool in research methodology.